[Risk factors for total prosthetic joint infection. Case-control study]. / Factores de riesgo de infección de prótesis total articular: estudio de casos y controles.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To identify the infection risk factors in knee and hip total prosthesis. METHOD: Case-control study of arthoplasties performed during 10 years. RESULTS: By means of conditional multivariate analysis, infection risk factors with greater odds ratio (OR) were surgical risk rate >or= 2, according to the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) (OR, 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-10.8) and post-operative non-infectious complications (OR, 8.9; 95% CI, 1.1-83.1) (p < 0.05). The global infection rate was 2.4% (95% CI, 1.6%-3.2%) of 1,666 joint implants. Gram-positive cocci were the principal involved microorganisms (63%). CONCLUSIONS: A high NNIS together with non-infectious post-operative complications increase the risk of prosthesis infection.

Factores de riesgo de infección de prótesis total articular: estudio de casos y controles / Risk factors for total prosthetic joint infection. Case-control study

Fundamento y objetivo: El propósito del presente estudio es identificar los factores de riesgo de infección en prótesis totales de rodilla y cadera. Método: Se ha realizado un estudio de casos y controles entre las artroplastias efectuadas durante 10 años. Resultados: Mediante el ajuste con una regresión logística condicional múltiple, los factores de riesgo asociados a una mayor odds ratio (OR) de infección fueron: un índice de riesgo quirúrgico mayor o igual a 2 según el National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) (OR = 3,3; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 1,1-10,8) y las complicaciones no infecciosas posquirúrgicas (OR = 8,9; IC del 95%, 1,1-83,1) (p < 0,05). La tasa de infección global de las artroplastias fue del 2,4% (IC del 95%, 1,6-3,2%) sobre 40 casos de 1.666 implantes y los principales microorganismos fueron cocos grampositivos (63%). Conclusiones: Un índice NNIS elevado y las complicaciones posquirúrgicas no infecciosas incrementan el riego de infección de las prótesis articulares de rodilla y cadera

Background and objective: To identify the infection risk factors in knee and hip total prosthesis. Method: Case-control study of arthoplasties performed during 10 years. Results: By means of conditional multivariate analysis, infection risk factors with greater odds ratio (OR) were surgical risk rate >= 2, according to the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) (OR, 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-10.8) and post-operative non-infectious complications (OR, 8.9; 95% CI, 1.1-83.1) (p < 0.05). The global infection rate was 2.4% (95% CI, 1.6%-3.2%) of 1,666 joint implants. Gram-positive cocci were the principal involved microorganisms (63%). Conclusions: A high NNIS together with non-infectious post-operative complications increase the risk of prosthesis infection